| PVC flooring type | Homogeneous conductive or dissipative PVC sheet/tile | Homogeneous PVC with controlled electrical properties throughout the wear layer | A homogeneous structure helps maintain electrical performance after normal wear and maintenance. |
| Surface resistance | Approximately 1.0 × 106 to 1.0 × 109 Ω | Typically 1.0 × 106 to less than 1.0 × 1010 Ω, depending on the selected ESD control plan | The final limit must be defined by the facility’s ESD control program and verified using applicable ESD test methods. |
| Resistance to ground | Less than 1.0 × 109 Ω for the installed flooring system | Commonly controlled below 1.0 × 109 Ω when measured according to the approved test procedure | Supports controlled charge dissipation when the floor, adhesive, grounding hardware, and earth connection operate as one system. |
| Person–footwear–floor system resistance | Less than 3.5 × 107 Ω where personnel grounding is based on footwear and flooring | The exact limit must follow the site ESD control plan and the selected footwear system | Flooring alone cannot demonstrate personnel grounding; footwear, floor, and test conditions must be evaluated together. |
| Static charge generation | Low-charging surface under the intended footwear and operating conditions | Verified by a documented walking or body-voltage evaluation where required | Resistance measurements do not by themselves prove low triboelectric charging. |
| Thickness | 2.0 mm to 3.0 mm | Approximately 1.5 mm to 3.2 mm | Thickness affects durability, dimensional stability, installation tolerances, and lifecycle performance, but does not alone establish ESD compliance. |
| Electrical continuity | Consistent readings across tiles or sheets, seams, and high-traffic zones | No electrically isolated areas after installation and commissioning | Seam quality, conductive adhesive, copper grounding paths, and substrate preparation can significantly affect results. |
| Grounding method | Dedicated grounding points connected to the facility protective earth through qualified personnel | Grounding layout designed according to room size, electrical design, and the ESD control plan | ANSI/ESD S20.20 compliance applies to the complete ESD control program, not to an uninstalled flooring product in isolation. |
| Surface finish | Low-glare, sealed, non-wax ESD-compatible finish | Finish selected for slip resistance, cleanability, chemical exposure, and ESD performance | Wax, coatings, contamination, and incompatible cleaning chemicals may alter electrical readings. |
| Dimensional stability | Low shrinkage and stable seams under the project’s temperature and humidity conditions | Performance documented by the applicable resilient-flooring test standard | Open seams or movement can interrupt conductive paths and increase contamination or trip risks. |
| Chemical and abrasion resistance | Suitable for the facility’s solvents, fluxes, oils, disinfectants, carts, and traffic level | Verified against the actual chemical and cleaning schedule | Wear or chemical damage may expose the substrate and change both safety and electrical performance. |
| Environmental operating range | Performance verified at the facility’s actual temperature and relative humidity | Many ESD programs evaluate conditions around 18–30°C and 30–70% RH, subject to the documented test plan | Humidity and temperature can influence surface resistance, charge generation, and measurement repeatability. |
| Installation verification | Acceptance testing after installation, grounding, cleaning, and conditioning | Documented floor resistance, resistance-to-ground, continuity, and personnel-system tests | A product datasheet is not a substitute for site acceptance testing and periodic compliance verification. |