Choosing a water oxygen meter starts with the sensor, not the price. Polarographic sensors suit routine field testing, but they need warm-up time and membrane maintenance. Galvanic sensors start faster, although their membranes and electrolyte still require care. Optical luminescent sensors consume almost no oxygen and usually need less servicing. They can still suffer from biofouling and coating damage. That matters.
Accuracy must match the water and the decision. ISO 5814:2012 recognizes electrochemical and optical methods for dissolved oxygen measurement. The US EPA Method 360.1 also requires attention to temperature and calibration conditions. A meter claiming ±0.1 mg/L may be useful in controlled water, yet misleading in warm, saline, or turbulent sites. I would question any specification tested only in clean laboratory water. Field error often comes from bubbles, dirty membranes, or poor temperature compensation.
Measuring range deserves equal attention. USGS Techniques and Methods 9–A6.2 indicates that freshwater holds about 9.1 mg/L dissolved oxygen at 20°C and standard pressure. Therefore, a 0–20 mg/L range covers many freshwater applications, but not every process. Aquaculture, wastewater, high-altitude sampling, and pressurized systems may require percentage saturation, salinity correction, or wider pressure limits. Compare stated accuracy across the full range, not only at one calibration point. Check response time, operating temperature, probe cable length, and replacement-part availability before global sourcing. A cheaper meter can become expensive when calibration solutions and membranes are difficult to import.