| 1 | Twist Drill Bits | General-purpose drilling in wood, plastic, and mild metal. | Common diameters: 1–13 mm. Match the shank diameter to the chuck capacity. | Standard helical flutes with a split or conventional point. | High-speed steel construction, point angle, flute length, and maximum recommended speed. | Choose a diameter suited to the hole and use a metal-rated bit when drilling steel or aluminum. |
| 2 | Masonry Bits | Drilling in concrete, brick, block, and stone. | Typical diameters: 3–20 mm. Select a shank compatible with the drill chuck or hammer system. | Carbide-tipped cutting head with a reinforced spiral flute. | Carbide tip quality, flute clearance, impact rating, and recommended drilling diameter. | Use rotary mode for softer masonry and hammer mode only when the bit and drill are impact-rated. |
| 3 | Brad-Point Bits | Clean, accurately positioned holes in wood and wood-based panels. | Common diameters: 3–25 mm. Shank sizes must fit the drill chuck. | Center spur and outer cutting spurs help reduce wandering and tear-out. | Tip sharpness, spur geometry, flute depth, and maximum drilling speed. | Select a brad-point profile when hole location and clean entry and exit edges matter. |
| 4 | Spade Bits | Fast, rough drilling of larger holes in timber and softwood. | Typical diameters: 6–38 mm. Confirm that the drill has enough torque for larger sizes. | Flat paddle shape with a center point and sharpened side wings. | Blade thickness, center-point design, cutting-edge sharpness, and recommended speed range. | Use for speed rather than a fine finish; reduce pressure near the breakthrough point to limit splintering. |
| 5 | Hole Saws | Large circular openings in wood, plastic, drywall, and thin metal. | Common cutting diameters: 19–152 mm. Arbor and pilot-bit compatibility are essential. | Cylindrical toothed cup with a central pilot drill. | Tooth material, cutting depth, arbor runout, ventilation slots, and material-specific speed. | Choose a cutting depth greater than the workpiece thickness and use a pilot bit for stable starting. |
| 6 | Countersink Bits | Creating a tapered recess for flush screw heads. | Common angles include 82°, 90°, and 100°. Match the angle to the fastener head. | Conical cutting head, sometimes combined with an integrated pilot drill. | Included angle, cutting-edge count, adjustable depth feature, and material compatibility. | Use the countersink angle that matches the screw head to avoid partial seating or surface damage. |
| 7 | Step Drill Bits | Progressively enlarging holes in thin sheet metal, plastic, and electrical enclosures. | One bit may cover several diameters, often approximately 4–32 mm. | Conical stepped profile with multiple cutting shoulders. | Step diameter markings, coating, maximum material thickness, and speed range. | Check the required final diameter and ensure each step is deep enough for the material thickness. |
| 8 | Screwdriver Bits | Driving slotted, Phillips, Pozidriv, hex, and other screw profiles. | Usually 25 or 50 mm insert lengths; select the correct bit size and holder interface. | Precision-milled tip matched to the screw recess geometry. | Tip fit, torsion resistance, impact rating, hardness, and bit length. | A precise fit reduces cam-out and fastener damage; use impact-rated bits in impact drivers. |
| 9 | Drill Chucks and Adaptors | Connecting accessories to drills with different drive interfaces. | Typical chuck capacities include 1–10 mm and 1.5–13 mm; verify spindle or hex compatibility. | Keyed or keyless chuck, or a quick-change hex adaptor. | Capacity range, concentricity, clamping force, maximum rotational speed, and impact suitability. | Choose a chuck whose capacity covers the accessory shank without exceeding the drill's rated speed. |
| 10 | Sanding and Polishing Attachments | Surface preparation, smoothing, deburring, and light polishing. | Common backing-pad diameters: 50–125 mm. Match the attachment to the drill's speed control. | Disc, flap, brush, or polishing-pad form with a compatible shank. | Grit or abrasive grade, maximum RPM, pad diameter, balance, and material suitability. | Stay below the attachment's maximum RPM and use finer grits for finishing rather than material removal. |