| 1 | Forming process | Swaging forms or reduces a workpiece by applying repeated radial force; many tube-swaging operations are performed without cutting away material. | Whether the machine uses rotary, hammering, or another forming arrangement, and which processes are supported. |
| 2 | Workpiece type | Pipe and tube end-forming machines are designed for specific workpiece shapes and dimensions; “pipe swaging” does not imply one universal capacity. | Supported pipe or tube outside diameter, wall thickness, length, and permissible dimensional tolerances. |
| 3 | Material compatibility | Formability depends on material grade, dimensions, condition, and tooling. Steel and non-ferrous alloys may require different machine setups. | Approved material grades, hardness range, sample-part results, and any required preheating or lubrication. |
| 4 | End-forming operations | Depending on tooling and machine design, end-forming operations can include diameter reduction, tapering, pointing, or other shaped ends. | The exact forming profiles available and whether each profile requires dedicated dies or attachments. |
| 5 | Tooling and changeover | Dies or forming tools must match the workpiece and desired profile. Tooling compatibility is not universal across machines. | Included tooling, die-change time, available profiles, spare-part supply, and tooling-change procedure. |
| 6 | Drive and actuation | Drive and actuation systems differ by machine design; the system affects operating requirements and the forming process. | Drive type, motor power, electrical supply, air or hydraulic requirements, and installation conditions. |
| 7 | Automation and controls | Machines may be manually operated or equipped with automated feeding, clamping, and control functions, depending on the model and configuration. | Automation scope, control interface, safety interlocks, recipe storage, and integration requirements. |
| 8 | Production rate | Cycle time depends on workpiece dimensions, material, forming sequence, tooling, and operator or automation setup; no single rate applies to all jobs. | A demonstrated cycle time using the buyer’s material, dimensions, and target profile. |
| 9 | Quality and acceptance | Finished-part quality should be assessed against the required dimensions, surface condition, and application-specific acceptance criteria. | Sample inspection results, measurement method, repeatability data, and agreed acceptance tolerances. |
| 10 | Service and documentation | Commissioning, operating instructions, maintenance guidance, and access to replacement parts are important factors in machine ownership. | Warranty terms, training, service response, documentation language, spare-parts lead time, and export support. |