| Identity | Azelaic acid; CAS No. 123-99-9; molecular formula C9H16O4; molecular weight approximately 188.22 g/mol. | Current specification sheet, Certificate of Analysis (CoA), and an independent laboratory identity report. | CAS number, chemical name, molecular formula, and molecular weight must be consistent across all documents. | CAS Registry information and internationally recognized chemical nomenclature. | Required |
| Assay / Purity | Assay of azelaic acid, normally measured by a validated chromatographic or titrimetric method. | Batch-specific CoA showing the method, result, specification limit, test date, and analyst or laboratory identification. | Use the purchaser's approved grade specification. A common commercial benchmark is not less than 99.0% for high-purity material, but the exact limit must be agreed in the purchase specification. | Supplier's validated method; applicable pharmacopoeial or customer method where a regulated grade is required. | Buyer-defined |
| Impurity Profile | Related substances, residual starting materials, by-products, and unidentified organic impurities. | Impurity profile by HPLC or GC, method validation summary, and representative chromatograms. | Limits should be defined for specified and unspecified impurities. Do not accept a purity claim without a test method and numerical result. | ICH Q3A/Q3C principles may be relevant for pharmaceutical applications; cosmetic limits should be risk-assessed for the intended use. | Recommended |
| Physical Form | Appearance, color, odor, particle size, and melting range. | Approved product specification, batch CoA, product photographs where useful, and retained-sample comparison. | Typical material is a white to off-white crystalline powder or flakes. Particle-size limits should be specified when processing performance depends on them. | Customer specification and validated in-house test methods. | Buyer-defined |
| Moisture / Loss on Drying | Water content or loss on drying, including the test temperature and duration. | Batch CoA and test procedure with instrument or method details. | Set a documented limit appropriate to the formulation and packaging. Results should be reported numerically, not only as “pass.” | Pharmacopoeial loss-on-drying or Karl Fischer methods may be used when suitable for the material. | Recommended |
| Heavy Metals | Lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and other elements relevant to the intended application. | ICP-MS or ICP-OES report from an ISO/IEC 17025-accredited laboratory, preferably with individual results. | Apply destination-market and product-category limits. Avoid relying only on a total “heavy metals” result because individual-element limits may apply. | Applicable cosmetic, pharmaceutical, food-contact, or customer-specific requirements; test method should be scientifically suitable. | Required for Risk Control |
| Residual Solvents | Solvents used during manufacture, purification, or recrystallization. | Residual-solvent statement or GC report identifying solvents and measured concentrations. | All detected solvents must comply with the applicable limit for the intended use. “Not detected” should include the analytical detection limit. | ICH Q3C is widely used for pharmaceutical materials; customer and destination-market requirements may differ. | Recommended |
| Microbiological Quality | Total aerobic microbial count, total yeast and mold count, and specified objectionable organisms where relevant. | Recent batch microbiological report from a qualified laboratory and documented sampling plan. | Limits must match the intended application. For leave-on cosmetics, the finished product specification and preservative system are assessed in addition to the raw material. | ISO 17516 provides microbiological quality guidance for cosmetics; pharmaceutical applications may require pharmacopoeial methods. | Buyer-defined |
| Stability | Stability under heat, humidity, light, and normal storage conditions; changes in color, odor, assay, and impurities. | Accelerated and real-time stability data, recommended storage conditions, and retest or expiry policy. | Data should support the stated shelf life and packaging choice. Any change in appearance or assay during storage must be explained and evaluated. | ICH stability principles may be adapted according to the product's regulatory category. | Recommended |
| Packaging | Container material, liner, seal integrity, tamper evidence, net weight, lot number, and manufacturing date. | Packaging specification, photographs, packing list, and container-closure compatibility statement. | Packaging must protect the powder from moisture and contamination and must remain intact through transport and storage. | Good distribution and storage practices; destination-market packaging and labeling requirements. | Required |
| Traceability | Unique batch number linking raw materials, production records, testing, packaging, and shipment. | Batch manufacturing record summary, CoA, packing list, and traceability or recall procedure. | Every delivered container should be traceable to one production batch and one corresponding CoA. | Quality-management and good manufacturing practice principles. | Required |
| Quality Management | Documented quality system, deviation control, change control, complaint handling, corrective and preventive action (CAPA), and internal audits. | Valid quality certificate, audit questionnaire, quality manual summary, and recent audit or certification scope. | ISO 9001 demonstrates a quality-management system; certification should be current and cover the relevant manufacturing site and activity. | ISO 9001; GMP expectations where the material is intended for pharmaceutical or cosmetic production. | Recommended |
| Cosmetic GMP | Manufacturing hygiene, personnel controls, sanitation, documentation, production controls, and quality control. | GMP certificate or audit report, site information, manufacturing scope, and inspection history where available. | The system should be aligned with ISO 22716 when the raw material is supplied for cosmetic manufacturing. | ISO 22716:2007 Cosmetics — Good Manufacturing Practices. | Recommended |
| Laboratory Competence | Competence of the laboratory performing identity, purity, elemental, residual-solvent, or microbiological testing. | ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation certificate, scope of accreditation, test report, and method information. | The laboratory's accreditation scope should include the relevant test and analytical technique; an accreditation certificate alone is not sufficient. | ISO/IEC 17025:2017. | Recommended |
| Safety Data | Hazard classification, handling, storage, personal protective equipment, first aid, firefighting, accidental release, and transport information. | Current Safety Data Sheet (SDS) prepared in the required 16-section format and issued for the supplied material. | SDS information must match the product, concentration, classification, and destination-market language requirements. | UN GHS principles and the destination jurisdiction's SDS legislation. | Required |
| REACH / Chemical Registration | Import, registration, downstream-user, or exemption status for the destination market, where applicable. | Registration or exemption information, legal-entity details, and supply-chain confirmation rather than an unsupported registration number. | Confirm obligations based on annual tonnage, substance identity, importer location, and intended use. A Chinese manufacturing address alone does not prove EU compliance. | EU Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH), where the EU market is involved. | Market-specific |
| Cosmetic Regulatory File | Ingredient identity, purity, toxicological information, impurities, exposure information, and intended concentration in the finished cosmetic. | Technical dossier support, allergen and impurity statements, toxicological data, and supplier declaration. | The finished product responsible person must complete a safety assessment; a raw-material CoA alone is not a complete cosmetic safety file. | EU Regulation (EC) No. 1223/2009, including the product safety assessment requirements, where applicable. | Market-specific |
| Intended Use and Concentration | Cosmetic, pharmaceutical, research, or industrial use; leave-on or rinse-off application; proposed finished-product concentration. | Technical questionnaire, formulation guidance, use-level statement, and regulatory assessment for the destination market. | Do not assume that a raw material is approved for every use. Finished-product concentration and claims can change the applicable regulatory pathway. | Destination-market cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and advertising regulations. | Required |
| Change Notification | Changes to raw materials, process, site, analytical method, specification, packaging, or subcontractor. | Signed change-control agreement and notification procedure before implementation. | The supplier should notify the buyer before any change that may affect identity, purity, safety, regulatory status, or supply continuity. | GMP and quality-management change-control principles. | Recommended |
| Pre-shipment Verification | Independent confirmation of quantity, packaging, lot numbers, visual condition, and selected analytical results. | Pre-shipment inspection report, sealed retain samples, photographs, and third-party test report where risk justifies it. | Release payment or shipment only after documents, labels, physical goods, and agreed specifications are consistent. | Purchase agreement, sampling plan, and risk-based supplier qualification procedure. | Buyer-defined |